![]() Digest Neurol Psychiat 12: 93-108.Īserinsky E, Kleitman N (1953) Regularly Occurring Periods of Eye Motility, and Concomitant Phenomena, during Sleep. (1944) Problem of sleep and mental disease. (1938) Distribution of disturbance patterns in the human electroencephalogram, with special reference to sleep. (1936) Electrical potentials of the human brain. Journal of Experimental Psychology, Vol 21(2), 127-144. (1937) Cerebral states during sleep, as studied by human brain potentials. This article presents an overview of the evolution of sleep research, with special attention to the most relevant milestones that have led to the systematic and automatic analysis of the sleep, and the establishment of standards for the construction of the so-called “Hypnograms”. Sleep disorders can be grouped into four main categories: (a) problems to fall asleep and stay asleep, (b) problems to stay awake, (c) problems to maintain a regular schedule of sleep, and (d) unusual behaviors during sleep. From a medical point of view the analysis of the sleep is useful in the diagnosis of health problems that receive the generic name of “sleep disorders”. These stages can be identified through the recording and analysis of certain physiological parameters. As a whole, sleep is a heterogeneous state presenting different stages. Sleep can be considered as a mechanism of self-regulation and resting that occurs in the majority of mammals in 24-hour cycles approximately, alternating with states of wakefulness. ![]()
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